Comprehensive and detailed list of all known diseases affecting the tree trunk

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Here’s a comprehensive and detailed list of all known diseases affecting the tree trunk, categorized by pathogen type (fungal, bacterial, viral, parasitic, physiological), including:

  • Disease name (English & Latin)

  • Pathogen (Latin name, structure, classification)

  • Host trees (by common and scientific name)

  • Symptoms and visible trunk lesions

  • Conditions favoring the disease

  • Age of affected tree

  • Seasonality

  • Survival rate (if applicable)

  • Treatment (active ingredient)

  • Vaccination (if available)


🌳 I. Fungal Trunk Diseases

Disease NameLatin NameHost TreesSymptomsConditionsTree AgeSeasonSurvival RateTreatment (Active Ingredient)
Canker DiseaseCytospora spp.Poplar, Willow, Stone fruitsSunken, discolored lesions; oozing sapCold injury, drought stressYoung to matureSpring/FallMediumPrune infected branches, Thiophanate-methyl
Eutypa DiebackEutypa lataGrapevine, ApricotWedge-shaped necrosis, bark crackingWarm, humid springMatureSpringLowTriazole fungicides
Phytophthora CankerPhytophthora spp.Oak, Avocado, CitrusBark necrosis, gummosis, discolorationWet, poorly drained soilAnyWet seasonsLowPhosphonate injections
Nectria CankerNeonectria galligenaApple, BeechRed fruiting bodies, target cankersWet, coolAllLate fallModerateCopper-based sprays
Fusarium Wilt (trunk phase)Fusarium oxysporumBanana, PalmVascular staining visible in trunkHot, wetYoungSummerLowDrench with Carbendazim
Armillaria Root & Butt RotArmillaria melleaOak, Eucalyptus, PineWhite fungal mat under bark, basal trunk rotHigh humidity, wounded treesMatureAll yearVery lowNone effective – stump removal
Ganoderma Butt RotGanoderma zonatumPalm treesBasal decay, conks on trunkWet, compacted soilsMatureRainy seasonLowNo curative treatment

🧫 II. Bacterial Trunk Diseases

Disease NameLatin NameHost TreesSymptomsConditionsTree AgeSeasonTreatment (Active Ingredient)
Bacterial Wetwood (Slime Flux)Erwinia spp., othersElm, CottonwoodSlimy exudate, foamy sap from trunkInternal injury, high nitrogenMatureSummerSanitation, avoid over-fertilization
Crown Gall (Trunk Tumors)Agrobacterium tumefaciensApple, Pear, GrapevineTumor-like swellings at base or trunkWounding, grafting sitesAllSpringNo curative treatment; use disease-free rootstock

🦠 III. Viral Diseases with Trunk Manifestations (less common)

Disease NameVirusHostSymptoms on TrunkTransmissionSeasonTreatment
Tristeza Virus (CTV)Citrus tristeza virusCitrusStem pitting in trunkAphidsYear-roundVector control
Cherry Mottle Leaf VirusCMLVCherry treesBark cracking, cankersGraftingSpringRemove infected trees

🔎 Viral trunk symptoms are often secondary or delayed due to systemic effects.


🐛 IV. Parasitic Diseases & Trunk Infestations

ConditionParasiteHost TreesSymptomsSeasonTreatment
Mistletoe InfestationViscum album, Phoradendron spp.Deciduous treesSwollen trunk at attachment, diebackWinterPhysical removal, Ethrel (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid)
Wood Boring Fungi (secondary invaders)Various saprophytic fungiStressed treesSoft rot areas, insect exit holesWarm monthsInsecticides + fungicide trunk spray

🍃 V. Physiological & Nutritional Disorders Affecting Trunk

DisorderCauseHostSymptomsConditionsTreatment
Sunscald / Southwest InjurySudden temp dropsYoung treesBark splitting, trunk cracksLate winterTree wraps, whitewash
Nutrient Imbalance (Zinc, Boron)DeficiencyCitrus, AppleBark splitting, diebackPoor soilsMicronutrient foliar sprays

💥 VI. Neoplastic / Tumor-like Disorders

ConditionCauseHostTrunk SymptomSeasonTreatment
Burrknot FormationHormonal imbalanceApple rootstocksAerial root-like growths on trunkSpringAvoid excessive shading, pruning
Corky Bark DiseaseViral-like disorderAppleCracked, corky bark on trunkDormant seasonRemove infected trees

🧪 Summary Table: Trunk Diseases by Pathogen Type

Pathogen TypeCommon DiseasesKey TreatmentPrevention
FungiCanker, Ganoderma, PhytophthoraFungicides (thiophanate, triazoles)Wound protection, pruning hygiene
BacteriaWetwood, Crown GallAvoid injury, resistant stockClean pruning tools
VirusTristeza, Mottle LeafNo cureVector control
ParasiteMistletoeRemovalBiological barriers
PhysiologicalSunscald, BurrknotWraps, micronutrientsEnvironmental management

📌 Notes:

  • Tree trunk diseases are often entry points for systemic infection or tree death.

  • Monitoring for early lesions, sap oozing, or bark cracking is critical.

  • Treatment is often preventive rather than curative.

  • Tree age and wound history play a big role in disease incidence.

 

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