Comprehensive Statistical Atlas of Diseases in Silkworms (Bombyx mori)

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Comprehensive Statistical Atlas of Diseases in Silkworms (Bombyx mori)

This reference document presents a structured, scientific overview of all known infectious diseases, non-communicable disorders, parasitic infestations, nutritional and vitamin deficiencies, systemic diseases, and neoplastic conditions (cancers) affecting silkworms (Bombyx mori) and related species. Organized by organ systems, this atlas serves entomologists, sericulture experts, disease researchers, and policymakers in the textile and agricultural industries.

Each disease entry includes:

Disease Name (English and Latin)
Pathogen Information:
- Viruses: Genome type (DNA/RNA), enveloped/non-enveloped, morphology
- Bacteria: Gram status, shape, motility, resistance traits
- Fungi: Spore formation, hyphal structure
- Parasites: Type (ecto- or endoparasite), morphology
Infected Organs or Systems
Lesion Characteristics and Pathological Descriptions
Age at Onset / Developmental Stage
Host Condition (larvae, pupae, adult, gravid female, male, reproductive stages)
Disease Seasonality
Survival Rate (%)
Treatment (active pharmaceutical ingredient)
Vaccination (name, type where applicable)

🧠 Nervous System

Disease	Latin Name	Pathogen	Type	Target Organ	Lesion	Stage	Host	Season	Survival	Treatment (API)	Vaccine
Grasserie	Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus	dsDNA, enveloped virus	Virus	Brain, ganglia	Swelling, degeneration	Larvae	All	Summer	Low	None	None

🫀 Hemolymph and Circulatory System

Disease	Latin Name	Pathogen	Type	Target	Lesion	Stage	Host	Season	Survival	Treatment	Vaccine
Bacterial Septicemia	Serratia marcescens	Gram− rod	Bacteria	Hemolymph	Hemorrhaging, systemic spread	All	All	Humid	Moderate	Oxytetracycline	Not Available

🦠 Digestive System

Disease	Latin Name	Pathogen	Type	Area	Lesions	Stage	Type	Season	Survival	Treatment	Vaccine
Flacherie	Enterobacter cloacae, viruses	Mixed (Bacteria + Virus)	Mixed	Midgut	Diarrhea, gut necrosis	Larvae	All	Rainy	Low	Ampicillin, heat management	None
Nosematosis	Nosema bombycis	Microsporidia	Parasite	Intestine	Atrophy, vacuolization	Larvae	Weak strains	Late Spring	Low	Fumagillin	None

🧬 Systemic / Whole Body

Disease	Latin Name	Pathogen	Type	Organs	Lesions	Stage	Host	Season	Survival	Treatment	Vaccine
Muscardine (White)	Beauveria bassiana	Fungus	Fungal	Systemic	Hyphal penetration, white fuzz	Larvae, Pupae	All	Cold-Damp	Low	Nystatin, antifungals	None
Muscardine (Green)	Metarhizium anisopliae	Fungus	Fungal	Whole Body	Green sporulation on corpse	Larvae, Pupae	All	Humid	Low	Griseofulvin	None

🧫 Exoskeleton / Integument

Disease	Latin Name	Pathogen	Type	Location	Lesion	Stage	Host	Season	Survival	Treatment	Vaccine
Black Spot Disease	Unknown	Mixed microbial	Multiple	Cuticle	Dark melanized spots	Larvae	Weak strains	Summer	Moderate	Disinfectant dips	None

🧪 Nutritional & Vitamin Deficiencies

Deficiency	Cause	Organ	Lesion	Stage	Host	Season	Survival	Treatment	Vaccine
Protein Deficiency	Poor mulberry quality	Silk gland	Gland atrophy, poor cocoon	Larvae	All	Drought	Medium	Protein-rich diet	None
Vitamin A Deficiency	Low carotenoid leaves	Eye pigment	Reduced vision	Larvae	Weak breeds	Spring	Moderate	Vitamin premix	None

🧫 Neoplastic / Cancer-like Disorders

Condition	Cause	Pathogen	Organ	Lesion	Stage	Host	Season	Survival	Treatment	Vaccine
Hemocytoma	Unknown	Possibly viral	Hemolymph	Atypical hemocyte growth	Adult	Rare	Any	Unknown	Unknown	None

📌 Research Notes:

No vaccines are commercially available for silkworms due to production and lifecycle limitations.
Preventive hygiene, optimal environmental control, and mulberry leaf quality are key to managing disease.
Integrated Sericulture Health Management (ISHM) is the recommended long-term approach.

📊 Further Resources Available Upon Request:

Cocoon yield impact charts under disease states
Genetic susceptibility matrices for Bombyx mori strains
Laboratory diagnostics for sericulture pathogens

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Dietary Supplements , POLITICS / CURRENT EVENTS